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Tag 04 - haben und kein

Tag 04 von 60 - haben, ein und eine, kein und keine, die Zahlen bis hundert. Zwei Stunden.


Three days of sounds and nouns are now behind you, so today is the first day that builds a sentence you could actually use at a counter: haben in all six forms, the indefinite articles ein and eine, the negation kein, and enough numbers to understand a price.

The sounds block does not add anything new. Instead it mixes everything from Tag 01 to Tag 03 into one pile of minimal pairs, which is harder than it sounds - knowing a rule and hearing the difference at speed are different skills.

One thing to notice as you go: kein is just ein with a k in front of it. German negates a noun by changing its article, not by adding a separate word. That single fact removes a whole category of beginner mistakes later.

Cold, before anything else. Type the article with the noun, every time - a noun learned without its gender has to be learned twice.

2. Aussprache - alles aus Tag 01 bis Tag 03

Section titled “2. Aussprache - alles aus Tag 01 bis Tag 03”

No new sounds today. Everything you have met so far, in one table, then mixed into pairs that force you to choose fast.

ZeichenKlangBeispiel
Vokal + h, oder doppeltlangBahnhof, Tee
Vokal + zwei KonsonantenkurzMann, kostet
älike the e in bedKäse, Männer
ölips rounded, tongue on eschön, Köln
ülips rounded, tongue on imüde, Tschüss
eirhymes with English eyeeine, Zeit, kein
ielong eeviel, Wien, sieben
euoy, as in boyteuer, Euro, neun
auow, as in howHaus, Frau, kaufen
wEnglish vWasser, wohnen, wie viel
vEnglish fviel, Vater
ztszwanzig, Zeit, zehn
ch after i, e, ä, ö, üsoft, at the frontich, Milch
ch after a, o, u, auhard, at the backacht, Buch, auch

Now the pairs. Say each pair three times, then say only the right-hand word and check that it still sounds different from the left:

Erstes WortZweites WortWas sich ändert
WeinWienei against ie
HausHäuserau against the oy sound
MutterMütteru against ü
schonschöno against ö
vielwief-sound against v-sound
Zeitseitts against a soft s
ichachsoft ch against hard ch
StadtStraßeshort a against long a

Read each one aloud twice before the drill. Six of them are things you would say at a counter, and six are the grammar carriers.

DeutschEnglishWann
Einen Kaffee, bittea coffee, pleaseordering, at a counter
eine Fragea questiondie Frage, so eine
kein Problemno problemdas Problem, so kein
Ich habe ZeitI have timedie Zeit, no article needed here
Ich habe keine ZeitI have no timethe polite way to decline
Haben Sie Zeit?do you have timeformal
Was kostet das?what does that costthe short version
Das kostet drei Eurothat costs three eurosder Euro, but prices stay plain
Das ist zu teuerthat is too expensivezu means too, not to
zwanzig Eurotwenty eurosEuro does not add an s
Wie viel kostet der Kaffee?how much is the coffeetwo words: wie viel
Ich habe eine FrageI have a questionsay this in every class

haben - to have. The second verb you own after sein. It is irregular in exactly one place, the du and er forms, which drop the b:

PersonFormBeispiel
ichhabeIch habe Zeit
duhastDu hast Zeit
er / sie / eshatEr hat Zeit
wirhabenWir haben Zeit
ihrhabtIhr habt Zeit
sie / SiehabenHaben Sie Zeit?

ein und eine - a and an. On Tag 03 every noun came with der, die or das. The indefinite article follows straight from that, and there are only two forms to learn:

Tag 03 sagtUnbestimmtBeispiel
dereinder Kaffee, ein Kaffee
daseindas Haus, ein Haus
dieeinedie Frage, eine Frage

So der and das share one form, and only die gets the extra e. This is why the gender colours in your notebook matter: get the gender wrong and every article in the sentence goes wrong with it.

There is one shape you already have as a chunk: Einen Kaffee, bitte. When a der word is the object of the sentence rather than the subject, ein becomes einen. That is next week’s grammar. Today, just notice that it happens and keep the phrase whole.

kein und keine - not a, no. German does not say not a coffee. It puts a k on the front of the article and the whole thing becomes one negative word:

PositivNegativEnglish
ein Problemkein Problemno problem
eine Fragekeine Frageno question
Ich habe ZeitIch habe keine ZeitI have no time
Wasserkein Wasserno water

The endings are identical to ein and eine: die words take keine, der and das words take kein. As with einen, a der word as an object gives keinen - Ich habe keinen Kaffee. Notice it, do not drill it yet.

Die Zahlen bis hundert. First the twelve you cannot derive:

0123456
nulleinszweidreivierfünfsechs
789101112
siebenachtneunzehnelfzwölf

From 13 to 19 the unit takes -zehn on the end: dreizehn, vierzehn, fünfzehn, sechzehn (sechs loses its s), siebzehn (sieben loses its en), achtzehn, neunzehn.

The tens: zwanzig, dreißig (the only one with ß and not -zig), vierzig, fünfzig, sechzig, siebzig, achtzig, neunzig, hundert.

Then the part that feels backwards. Everything between the tens is said unit first, then und, then the ten, and the whole thing is written as one word with no spaces:

ZahlDeutschWörtlich
21einundzwanzigone-and-twenty
34vierunddreißigfour-and-thirty
47siebenundvierzigseven-and-forty
68achtundsechzigeight-and-sixty
99neunundneunzignine-and-ninety

Two traps. eins loses its s inside a compound: 21 is einundzwanzig, never einsundzwanzig. And a spoken price arrives in that order too, so when a cashier says a number you must hold the first half until the second half lands.

Four kinds, borrowed from the old Foreign Service method. Mechanical on purpose: speed and automaticity, not thought.

Replace the word in brackets and say the whole new sentence.

Two moves. First, definite to indefinite: turn der, die or das into ein or eine. Then, positive to negative with kein.

Answer in a full sentence, out loud first.

The scheduled review: Tag 03 first, then Tag 02, with today’s chunks mixed in so nothing arrives in a predictable block. Sixty seconds, as many as you can, and run it twice.

Every line uses only what you have had by today.

A: Guten Tag! Haben Sie Zeit? Ich habe eine Frage. B: Ja, ich habe Zeit. Kein Problem. A: Wie viel kostet der Kaffee? B: Der Kaffee kostet drei Euro. A: Und das Wasser? B: Das Wasser kostet zwei Euro. A: Gut. Einen Kaffee, bitte. B: Danke. Auf Wiedersehen!

Read it aloud twice, both parts. Then cover the text and say A’s lines from memory - A is the one doing the work today.

Translate into German. Then compare - and read the difference between your line and the model out loud. On Tag 06 you will translate these back the other way, so do them properly now.

Paste this into a voice AI and actually speak. Ten minutes, out loud, standing up. Today you are at a kiosk and the only thing that matters is surviving a price.

Du arbeitest an einem Kiosk in Hamburg. Ich bin Anfänger (Tag 4, A1).
Sprich sehr langsam und nur mit diesen Wörtern: Guten Tag, Hallo, bitte,
danke, Entschuldigung, Kaffee, Wasser, Milch, Zeit, Frage, Problem, Euro,
kosten, haben, ein, eine, kein, keine, zu teuer, ja, nein, und die Zahlen
von eins bis hundert.
Frag mich zuerst: Guten Tag, was möchten Sie? Sag mir dann einen Preis mit
einer Zahl zwischen zwanzig und hundert, zum Beispiel vierunddreißig Euro,
damit ich die Zahl rückwärts hören muss. Wenn ich sage: Das ist zu teuer,
mach den Preis billiger.
Maximal sechs Wörter pro Satz. Wenn ich einen Fehler mache, wiederhole den
Satz einfach richtig, ohne Erklärung. Fang jetzt an.

Diktat. Play the shadowing audio again. Write down any five German words you hear, by hand, without pausing. Then write, also by hand, the five numbers a cashier is most likely to say to you: 3, 12, 20, 21, 47.

Zahlen von Hand. Write these five out in full words, by hand, from memory, and only then check them against section 3:

  1. 21
  2. 34
  3. 47
  4. 68
  5. 99

If any of them came out with a space in the middle, write that one five more times. German numbers under a million are a single word, however long they get.

Satz des Tages. Write these three by hand, from memory, then check them against section 3:

  1. Ask what the coffee costs.
  2. Say that it is too expensive.
  3. Say that you have no time, but no problem.

Fehlerliste. Add today’s wrong answers to the Fehler page, in German, correctly, no English. Then look back at yesterday’s entries and tick any you would now get right.

Genus-Farben. Four new nouns to colour in: die Frage red, das Problem green, die Zeit red, der Euro blue. Write the article in colour and the noun in ordinary ink, so the colour is doing the remembering.

Goldlist. Not today. The next Goldlist page is Tag 06.


Weiter: Tag 05 - Verben im Präsens - die Wortbetonung, die regelmäßigen Endungen, und die Regel, dass das Verb an zweiter Stelle steht.